Our Hero
Just look at him. Armed to the teeth. And that isn’t a British joke.
The characteristic of Doctor Who we’re talking about today, though, is how ill-equipped its hero seems to be in confronting actual trouble, but how he still manages to face down impossible problems time after time. (It’s a pretty good metaphor for romanticizing Britain when you think about it.)
“The Doctor” is a middle-aged Englishman who runs around in a kind of silly outfit (He’s changed a lot over the years, but he tends to dress like the eccentric uncle everybody thinks is gay but is really just lonely.). He has a “sonic screwdriver” which doesn’t shoot laser beams (most of the time), but can do an impossible variety of technological things. It’s like a lightsaber without the saber that can hack computer systems or remodulate anything that can be modulated. He’s like a less anxious C-3PO with the powers of R2-D2.
Oh, and he’s not really a middle-aged Englishman, he’s a 900 year old time traveling alien who is incredibly smart. He knows almost everything about almost everything in the universe. On TV, that means he gets to make up stuff all the time that turns out to save everybody at the last minute.
He has a time machine, but he rarely uses it for its intended purpose. He doesn’t tend to, for example, go back in time to before the aliens landed and warn everybody that aliens are coming. This is also justified in the show with fake science – his time machine is sort of “Quantum Leapified,” and it tends to jump around at random without him having a great deal of control over it.
And he doesn’t like to kill people (or aliens). He’s not Batman-level against it, but he goes to a lot of trouble to avoid it in situations where it is probably his best option.
Like R2-D2, despite having very few obvious skills or tools and no realistic means of defending himself, he routinely goes to the most dangerous places in the universe.
Not a place made for folks with wheels.
Like James Bond, you can yell “Just shoot him already!” at the screen as much as you want, but that isn’t going to happen often, and when it does, it rarely has meaningful consequences.
The Doctor’s main skills are
- Talking his way out of being killed
- Sort of flying his kind of broken spaceship
- Running pretty fast for a guy his age
- Making friends
- Improvising with gadgetry
- Spouting fake science and history
Note the absence of “fisticuffs,” “shooting,” “fencing,” “dogfighting,” “demolitions,” “calling for help” or “leading a crew or army.”
The Doctor does battle.
So, how do his episodes actually end?
Bring on the charts!
Great Article.
As a Brit, I like your notion of The Doctor as idealised national metaphor. Is there an equivalant American figure on your screens at the moment?
I’d love to see that graph applied to Star Trek series. TOS seemed to have way more deus ex machina endings than I felt comfortable with.
Indeed there is:
Great article, though you did forget to mention that one of the great appeals of the show are the hilariously bad special effects.
@wrather: Jack Bauer as avatar of America? Maybe of post-9/11 America (though I would say we are now probably entering the post-post-9/11 era). The frontier has so long been a part of American mythology that some explorer should really get the part. Captain Kirk is the obvious choice, though that seems unsatisfying, precisely because it is such an obvious choice.
Though probably in truth any character will only embody some aspects of the national spirit (The Doctor doesn’t sum up everything to do with the UK either).
How about Homer Simpson?
Thanks for taking the time to write a great article on my question of the deus ex machina in pop culture. In true overthinking it form you managed to ascribe way more meaning and insight to my question then I ever dreamed.
Great job.
P.S., the land of 10,000 lakes is indeed Minnesota.
@Wrather Jack Bauer was my original thought as well, but i think he is more Bush-Era than anything else. Perhaps Captain Mal Reynolds?
Fantastic post, but what happened to the diabetic and flu afflicted loved ones?!?
Jack Bauer is symbolic, but he’s not metaphorical enough. He does dissociate himself far enough from the familiar to make the sort of intellectual points that the Doctor makes.
Now, The Doctor and Jack Bauer are very similar as archetypes, but the metaphor I was talking about came from the relationship between The Doctor and his Companions, which is much more interesting and, I think, uniquely characteristic of the show. Jack Bauer doesn’t have anything comparable to that.
Superheroes are so proliferate and kicked at this point that I really hesitate to pick any of them. Batman and Superman aren’t more interesting than other superheroes to nearly the extent The Doctor is more interesting than his fictional peers. Then again, very few characters have been around as long as The Doctor and come to carry so much cultural weight.
Buffy the Vampire Slayer would be a good candidate if she were still on TV. I’ve always thought Robocop and Blade were great picks for the quintessentially American representative fantasy character, but they aren’t on TV now either. If I watched Lost, maybe the answer would jump out at me from there, but that doesn’t seem to be the kind of show that makes answers jump out at anybody. I also don’t watch Gossip Girl, in case the answer is in there.
If you think of Oprah as a fictional character (which isn’t really that far off the mark), she’s pretty close.
Got it!!!
Who captures the American simultaneous obsession and revulsion with authority? Who shows off its pathological self-aware inability to lose faith in itself? Who runs the show on the fringe of the wilderness, on the edge of civilization? Who, through his relationships, speaks to the madness and beauty of Federalism? Who throws open the doors to all the people who end up on his doorstep, until the exact moment when he become disenchanted with them and starts throwing them out and accusing them of stealing things?
Who loves being big-time, but secretly wishes he could be smaller, and really wishes the world could be smaller and cause him fewer problems?
And how do I post an image in a comment thread like Wrather did?
@ mlawski — On it. It might take a while.
@ Max — Yeah, I only addressed it in an image caption — “There are silly aliens and lighting effects. Lovely.” But the visual style of the show is very endearing, even when it is awful.
@ ill — The great thing about shooting hyperfiction particles at things is that, not only do they destroy entities, but they cure diabetes and viral infections! ;-)
I’ve written on it before, but maybe at some point I’ll do a formal post about how much I hate what I call “Head Vampire Theory” – which is what I’m illustrating in those plot charts. Part of it is that once your central problem is solved, all your other problems are either immediately solved or don’t matter – and that’s just silly. But it gets worse . . .
Anyway, let’s try this again
Grrr. Maybe I am not allowed to hotlink.
Anyway, go here:
http://www.businesspundit.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/08/the-office-michael-scott.jpg
And by the way, I know The Office is an original show, and I’d argue the American version only found its legs when it dispensed more thoroughly with its Britishness – it lost almost all the super-uncomfortable humor, became more shamelessly romantic, and gave Michael this hopefulness that Ricky Gervais never would have put in his character. It would have cheapened Ricky, but for Steve Corel, it works great.
@Fenzel: Are you really going to do it? If so, awesome! Actually, my original idea was to track the deus ex machina-ness of ALL the Trek series, to see if they changed over time. My bet is they do. But then I gave up on the idea when I realized how ridiculous it was.
However… maybe an analysis of TOS vs. TNG would be doable.
@Fenzel – I believe that Return of the King contains at least two deus ex machina. Obviously, the eagles. But less obvious and more annoying to me is Aragorn’s unstoppable army of the dead. Think about it: Aragorn has the power to command an army of ghosts that effortlessly wipes out Sauron’s entire CGI horde. It is entirely unclear to me why he did not take advantage of this in the first movie. To me, the ghost army is the equivalent of remembering you can call a cab at any time.
Another comment: I’ve never seen more than an episode or two of Doctor Who (I know, right?) so I can’t speak to it, but a lot of what you (Fenzel) say about the wacky side of deus ex machina applies handily to Futurama. It seems like in almost every episode some ridiculous technobabble or nonsense technology is used, and it’s always played for laughs. Interestingly, though, the technobabble itself usually ISN’T used to wrap up the episode. Usually the end does stem in some way from what was set up before. It’s just that the logic to get from point A to point B is Futurama logic, which only makes sense from a certain bizarre perspective.
For example, take the episode where Dr. Farnsworth makes a hat that turns the monkey wearing it into a super-genius. The hat runs on sun spots, of course. Next, the monkey goes crazy from being too smart and takes off the hat. But without the hat, he’s not intelligent enough to save Dr. Farnsworth and his crew when they are in danger. The episode is resolved when the monkey’s hat is broken, but not too much, so the monkey can be only as smart as an average person. Because of course that’s how it works. Duh. And so, the monkey is able to save the other characters but not have a nervous breakdown. Episode resolved! In short form:
Technobabble=>Technobabble breakdown=>Wacky logic based on technobabble=>Back to the status quo!
I’d have to do research to make sure, but I’d bet a fair number of Futurama episodes work exactly this way. Would you say Dr. Who works this way, too?
@Belinkie: I haven’t read the books in a while, but my understanding is that the journey to revive the ghost army is something of a suicide mission — the characters are pretty sure Aragorn’s not coming back once he heads off to try to find them, so it’s really a tactic of last resort.
The movie does somewhat trivialize the peril of this side-trip, and thus, requiring the movie to stand on its own (which I think is fair), it’s a bit of DEM.
(Although, isn’t it true that there was a specific entrance to the underworld? So they had to get there before waking up the ghost army was even an option.)
@fenzel the 6-peat is a new commenting record. ;)
@Matt: That’s the “6-Pete” to you, Mister.
@Mlawski — In Doctor Who, you’re more likely to run into a situation where the technobabble doesn’t even get mentioned until the moment it resolves the plot. They don’t set it up as much. There might be some slight foreshadowing, but it’s pretty rarely related to what caused the problem in the first place.
Like, there’s one episode where, at the very end, it’s revealed that one of the characters is carrying a magical amulet that, for an incredibly elaborate reason, one of the other characters is irrevocably bound to. They kill the character (the villain, ‘natch) by throwing the amulet into a lake. Prior to that climactic scene, the necklace was thought to be expensive, but not at all magical, and the main plot was a murder mystery.
It’s actually pretty funny – the amateur detectives try to figure out who actually did it, but it turns out that all the clues you have found won’t help you, because The Doctor has a whole mess of information he’s going to give out at the end that nobody else knows and will change everything.
@Matt — Yeah, the Ghost Army moment is choice, and I encourage you to write about it.
But it’s not purely a deus ex machina, because it doesn’t happen at the end of the story, and it doesn’t resolve any of the major conflicts. It saves Minas Tirith, sure, but only temporarily. It doesn’t save Aragorn from getting bum rushed at the gates of Mordor.
We’ve talked about these moments before — you call them “mighty joint” moments, right? “Ghost armies” works just as well. I’d encourage you to write a separate post on their use, types, and acknowledgement.
@frenzel
Thank you for the insightful post. I must admit, I don’t care about plot devices when it comes to Dr. Who. Any time the camera is pointed at David Tennant, I have a _Wayne’s World_ moment where the air around him shimmers and _Dreamweaver_ dances gently on the wind. This experience is, of course, delightful, but I do find it a little difficult to follow the plot.
P.S. The episode Blink was fantastic, but should really only be viewed during daylight hours, from behind the sofa, with _Murder She Wrote_ on standby, (just in case things get too intense).
@Belinkie
Isn’t the plural of “Deus Ex Machina” “Dei Ex Machinae?” Of course, I think that implies multiple gods from multiple machines. If you have several gods from the SAME machine, that could be “Dei Ex Machina”. I suppose one god from multiple machines would e “Deus Ex Machinae,” but that’s just silly.
@fenzel
Thanks for tossing a bone to an old school Dr. Who fan in your LAST TWO PICTURES. (not that I’m bitter)
@pianodan
I only refrained because I didn’t want to be a poseur. As Dalek Rumsfeld said, “You go to war with the Doctor you have, not the Doctor you want.”
Also, “EXTERMINATE!!”
I wish I’d seen the older episodes, but with forty years to sift through, I have no idea where to start. Suggestions?
Actually, now that I think about it, a true American Archetype would be cinematic, rather than televisual.
with regards to old Who episodes, the old series were actually much more serial, and similar to Lost in terms of delayed resolution. I would start with some of the Tom Baker episodes, such as “The Ark in Space” or “The Hand of Fear”
I’d like to note that several of the technobabble explanations are reused – though sometimes so much later that it’s barely remembered. The worst of these was the Third Doctor’s reversing the polarity of the neutron flow, of course.
The Sonic Screwdriver was such a Deus Ex device that they had to create excuses to lose it or break it in the old show, and to circumvent it (“Deadlock seal”) in the new show.
Certain forms of the technobabble are worse than others. They have a terrible grasp of the concept of antimatter, but a surprisingly good one of relativity. They make a point of scientific continuity whether it’s good or bad, though: antimatter monsters happen repeatedly, come from a parallel universe, and are specially shielded, but ultimately can’t survive sustained contact with normal matter. Past foes return and are defeated with the same things: Ice Warriors with heat, old school Cybermen with gold (new school ones, being from a different universe, do not have this weakness), Sontarans with the probic vent. What is perhaps best, old foes are NOT always foes; the Ice Warrior turns out to be a good guy in Curse of Peladon.
So… yes, there’s technobabble, but at least they kept it surprisingly consistent for a long time.
I loved Dr. Who as a kid and I still watch it from time to time now. In the very oldest series (with the first Doctor) they set up a cool plot about the inevitability of the future (where they were frozen in a museum for all time) and I was really looking forward to how they would escape this terrible fate. Unfortunately, the next episode just ignored the whole thing and pretended that it hadn’t happened which was probably the worst way of resolving it. Dr. Who is great despite, and sometimes because of, the wacky plots.
The Architect from the Matrix isn’t a Deus Ex Machina, primarily because he takes no actions, does not influence the story and does not resolve anything. He is, in fact, a reveal and explains to Neo, and thereby the audience, what is happening. He reveals that Neo, far from having escaped the trap, is in a bigger trap. Neo doesn’t accept this and walks out the wrong door without the Architect stopping him and goes on to prove the Architect wrong. Yes the Architect built the Matrix but he has less power than any other character in the movies and seems quite grumpy at the end that the Oracle played him. If anything is a Deus Ex Machina it is the whole ‘balance the equation and all problems go away’ thing at the end, but even that was alluded to earlier.
@fenzel
I’d start with Jon Pertwee (the 3rd Doctor). He’s sort of the bridge between Classic and Old Skool, & his transformation into Tom Baker aka everyone (else’s) favorite Doctor is my fave reincarnation scene ever.
#5 & #6, regrettably, lacked something essential. Maybe it was just the 1980s. But Sylvester McCoy (#8) won my heart back.
oops, McCoy is 7.
I first started watching _Dr. Who_ with the 9th Doctor, Christopher Eccleston. I think you basically said this, Fenzel, but DEM works in the “world” of the show because the point is that since the main character (the Companion, not the Doctor) doesn’t know what’s going on, a spoon-fed solution is the only thing that could possibly fix the problem. I find the self-sacrifice solutions the most annoying because that has nothing to do with knowledge or understanding- those are purely situational (usually- I’m sure there are exceptions), not informational. The technobabble episodes are easier to swallow because I’d be in the same situation as the Companion and would, as they do, take what is presented to me pretty much at face value once it has been shown in action. Further, there are indeed times where it’s alluded to and glossed over (“The Empty Child”/”The Doctor Dances”), and it is sometimes done better than others; but not always, and yeah, stuff (sometimes literally) drops out of the sky, but so does the Doctor himself into the life of his Companion each time she changes. The foundation of the show depends on a sort of DEM, the Doctor himself intruding and usurping his Companion.
About _The Matrix_: I haven’t seen the third one since it was in theaters, but I think that if The Architect had been played by The Oracle, wouldn’t that make HER the DEM?
The Doctor is played by a British actor and has a British accent as such, but the character isn’t British, he’s a Time Lord, an alien race. So by that standard, the American equivalent doesn’t necessarily have to *be* American, right? They wouldn’t even need to be human. I have no idea who this could be, but I’m just throwing that monkey wrench in there to see if anyone else is more clever than I. Although I do think pretty much anybody from Dunder Mifflin could, in some ways, work. Really, I think the “American” (if I could somehow double-capitalize, I would) chosen depends on what image is being emphasized. So sure, why not Homer Simpson? Also *does* the show/movie still need to be going? I mean, what about Tim Taylor from _Home Improvement_ or Tony Soprano from (duh) _The Sopranos_? Two very distinct characters, each portraying different aspects of “Americans” that we project into the global Popular Culture.
Or Wilson from _Castaway_.
To quote Ten; Brilliant!
I started watching New Who with Chris E. but it wasn’t until David showed up that I really began to enjoy it (I also enjoy the spin-off Torchwood but that’s for a whole other reason *coughJohnBarrowmancough*)
also to quote Capt. Jack Harkness, “a little technobabble is good for the soul” but at the same time it *can* be over used and it gets old fast. It kind of reminds me of Lost and the constant cliff-hangers and the ads that say ‘this episode will rock your world!’ or ‘this changes everything!!!’ and what happens is a five second bit at the end of the episode that they deal with at the beginning of the next and then it’s 40 mins of flashbacks/forwards that seem like they were thrown in there to pad out the episode. But I digress…
What I would like to be overthought in the Whoverse is the use of the Jesus figure in the Doctor and how religion does (and doesn’t) play a part in the world of the Doctor.
p.s. I knew exactly which episodes you were refering to through out the post (and the few in the comment section) ^-^
yea, the current american silverscreen archetype for america…House:
1.completely sure of himself, especially when he’s wrong
2.takes every advantage in every situation
3.ultimately gets it right every time (american self-image)
4.genius (hey, i am an american after all)
5.a little nuts
I could go on, but its late and i’m tired…
plus, @fenzel
i came up with house after reading your description… it just fits perfectly
Unfortunately Farscape is no longer on the air or I would nominate John Cricton as the American incarnation of the Doctor. He has companions. (Though they are more like equals) usually is able to solve problems based on some weird aspect of his humanity (phycical, mental or spirtual) and his actions often result in the death of minor charcters (for those who point out that Paol Zahn ?sp? Was not minor I refer you to the poor fate of Adric, the young math genius who maybe was a lizard).
I do admit that Farscape was not an American show, but Crichton was an American charcter. Similarly, Hugh Laurie isn’t American (please watch Jeeves and Wooster; and please skip a Bit of Fry and Laurie) but House is an American character so I humbly stand by my nomination.
Also, if House is the Doctor he is definitely William Hartnell. This is confusing for me because Dr. Cuddy is totally Rose Tyler. I humbly submit that Wilson may, in fact, be House’s Romana. I will leave it at that.
Sorry to revive a sleeping thread, but I just had a thought. Are Samantha Who? and Dr. Who? related? Please answer in a well-organized 5-paragraph essay.
Really good (over) thinking…
“The Doctor is more guide than hero, staying mysterious because the show isn’t really about him, it’s about the people who go with him”
So the ‘serial’ can continue.. he doesnt ‘change’ in the way
we expect a character in a single story to ‘grow’/’change’
Audiences hate the Deus ex machina because of the ‘betrayal’.
Its also possible to ‘judge’ these Deus ex machina in Dr Who on another level. Do the audience believe it more if its actually both ‘inevitable’ and ‘unexpected’?
see http://www.agoodstorywelltold.com/article-seven-story-types-overcoming-the-monster
New to OTI and just found this article. I may have to sit down and do an analysis of my own, because, while I generally have a low tolerance for DEM endings, I haven’t felt too disappointed in the endings since the reboot. Sure, there are technobabble things involved, but the real answers are because of how the characters interact and investigate and connect with the best aspects of humanity.
Take the Sontaran Strategem/Poison Sky two-parter. There’s a problem, but the true scope of it is not immediately apparent. Something’s weird, but it requires investigation to find out what’s really going on. Sure, there’s some technobabble involved in the final solution, but the real solution comes from the genius kid’s actions, not from the technobabble.
The Empty Child/Doctor Dance’s two-parter from Eccleston’s first season is similar–weird stuff’s going on, but only when the human element is put right, when Nancy and Jamie reconnect, can the Doctor solve the problem.
Granted, maybe you considered the first episode I pointed out as one of the non-technobabble ones, but since you don’t have a list by episode (understandable because of spoilers), I’m not sure.
Doctor Who usually has a really good handle on how to use technology. The sonic screwdriver will open locks and cut barbed wire and a lot of other things that get the characters further involved in the story, but it doesn’t just magically stop the aliens. And if it would provide a convenient escape, making it too easy, it doesn’t work.
I know I’m really, really late – but maybe I just time-travelled … Anyway, maybe one other reason for the occurence of DEM in Who is the (supposed) wish of the audience to experience a lot of suspense and get almost desperate that there is no solution whilst also knowing that it’s almost always gonna be resolved in the end, but only last minute. In life, you also wish for that when it’s dark. Btw, I really liked your article. Maybe the Britishness of the Doctor also ties to him being kinda Sherlock Holmes … (and how often are you reading a detective story for the first time and the solution comes to you like a DEM, also the evidence has to have been there before but you didn’t get the clues.)